Shoot Girdling Improves Rooting Performance of Kalamata Olive Cuttings by Upregulating Carbohydrates, Polyamines and Phenolic Compounds

Girdling (a ring of bark approximately 5 mm wide) was applied on olive mother plants to investigate its effect the rooting ability cuttings. Treatment in autumn and spring. The cuttings were then immersed for s into 2000 mg L?1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) a 45% v/v ethanolic solution. Thirty days after girdling, taken from girdled control shoots part just above girdle zone (basal), as well right (middle). base collected, concentration polyamines, phenolic compounds soluble carbohydrates determined. enhanced performance cuttings, while proved be better season compared positively affected all measured parameters. main characteristics high levels glucose, mannitol, free total hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, verbascoside, oleuropein, quercetin luteolin. middle shoot exhibited sucrose, luteolin-7-glucoside, phenols flavanol concentrations. Nonetheless, further research is needed order draw conclusions overall efficiency girdling inducing